As cannabis use becomes increasingly common, many healthcare providers are seeing a rise in a unique and debilitating condition called Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome (CHS).
For people who regularly use cannabis, particularly in higher doses, CHS can cause severe nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, often leading to multiple trips to the emergency room.
Marijuana use has been increasing substantially since 2008. In 2022, daily users of marijuana exceeded daily consumers of alcohol for the first time in the US. Northern California has reported a 175% increase in CHS diagnoses over the past 11 years (California legalized recreational marijuana in 2016.) At MNGI Digestive Health, our gastroenterologists have also seen an increase in cases of CHS, underscoring the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.
What is Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome?
Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome is a rare but serious condition seen in people who use cannabis frequently over a prolonged period. First outlined in 2004, CHS remains a condition of uncertain etiology. CHS is becoming increasingly common in clinical settings as cannabis becomes more widely accessible for both medicinal and recreational use. The primary side effects of CHS include recurrent episodes of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, often severe enough to impact daily activities and quality of life.
The Strange Relationship between Cannabis and Nausea
While cannabinoids are known to have anti-nausea effects in small doses, the paradox of CHS suggests that, in larger amounts or with long-term exposure, cannabinoids might cause the opposite effect, leading to gastrointestinal discomfort. This may be due to how cannabinoids interact with receptors in the brain and gastrointestinal tract. While the condition is still being studied, the impact of CHS is none-the-less debilitating.
Recognizing the Symptoms of CHS
CHS symptoms often progress in three distinct phases:
In the early stage, you may experience mild nausea, typically in the morning, along with a feeling of uneasiness. Despite this discomfort, many people continue to use cannabis because it can temporarily relieve their nausea.
The next phase is the most intense, with individuals experiencing severe vomiting episodes. The abdominal pain often intensifies during this period, and vomiting may occur every few hours, leading to significant dehydration and weight loss. People with CHS frequently report that hot showers or baths help alleviate symptoms, a unique behavior that can aid in diagnosing the syndrome.
The final stage begins when symptoms subside once cannabis use is stopped, though this phase can take a few days to several months, depending on how much cannabis was consumed and how long the individual has been using it. After recovery, any resumption of cannabis use can quickly trigger a return of symptoms.
Treating CHS: Why MNGI Digestive Health Can Help
Given that CHS can mimic symptoms of other gastrointestinal conditions, such as cyclic vomiting syndrome or gastritis, diagnosing it accurately is crucial. At MNGI Digestive Health, our experienced gastroenterologists have encountered a growing number of patients with CHS, and we are committed to providing comprehensive, personalized care to help relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
The primary treatment for CHS is stopping cannabis use. While this might seem straightforward, it can be challenging for individuals who rely on cannabis for medicinal or recreational purposes. At MNGI, we understand the importance of a compassionate, non-judgmental approach and will work with you to provide the support and resources you need.
For those experiencing acute symptoms, supportive treatments are available to alleviate nausea, dehydration, and abdominal pain. However, it’s important to note that these treatments address only the symptoms, not the underlying cause. The most effective way to resolve CHS is to stop using cannabis entirely. In cases where additional guidance or support is needed, our team can also refer patients to appropriate counseling and recovery resources.
Don’t Ignore the Symptoms: Seek Help Early
If you or a loved one regularly uses cannabis and experiences unexplained nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain, it may be time to consult a gastroenterologist. Early intervention can not only bring relief but also prevent potential complications such as severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. The team at MNGI Digestive Health is here to help identify and manage CHS, along with any other gastrointestinal issues you may be facing.
As awareness of CHS continues to grow, we are committed to staying at the forefront of treatment options and providing specialized care for our patients. Reach out to MNGI Digestive Health today if you suspect CHS might be affecting you. Together, we can work toward restoring your comfort and quality of life.
